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The following is a list of online articles and charts appearing in Infectious Disease News. Hyperlinks for the online articles and charts are provided below. The charts are
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| 2000 NEWS ARTICLES | |
|---|---|
| AAFP recommended age for influenza vaccine lowered | January 2000: Family physicians group recommends vaccination at 50 instead of 65 years of age. |
| Abacavir-AZT-3TC results in better adherence than PI regimens | August 2000: Viral load reduction was also somewhat greater with the abacavir regimen than with protease inhibitor-containing regimens. |
| Adult immunization increasing, more work needed | August 2000: Each year as many adults die from vaccine-preventable diseases as Americans died in the Vietnam War. |
| 'Airport malaria' is becoming a health concern in many countries | November 2000: Infected mosquitoes can be unwanted passengers on many flights, spreading disease to non-endemic areas. |
| Alcohol disinfection top choice for preventing nosocomial infections | February 2000: Disinfection is less costly than hand washing; dispensers can be mounted where health care professionals work. |
| Antibiotic timing arbitrary when looking at bacterial meningitis | September 2000: Hib meningitis has grown up - it has changed from a disease of childhood to a disease of adults. |
| Antiretroviral therapy favorably affects Pap smears of women with HIV | October 2000: Women taking antiretrovirals were more likely to have normal Pap smears and were less likely to have HPV than women not taking antiretrovirals. |
| Baseball team immunized after nine players diagnosed with mumps | April 2000: Almost 300 members of the Florida Marlin's ball club were immunized. |
| CDC project trying to track unexplained illnesses | December 2000: A researcher said the number of cases with no etiology, even after extensive testing, is astonishing. |
| Case of yellow fever reported in a traveler returning from Venezuela | July 2000: This was only the second case of fatal yellow fever imported from South America since 1924. |
| Cases of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli reported in United States | February 2000: Study confirms that this serotype of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli is capable of causing infection in healthy individuals. |
| Children with HIV should be permitted in schools, says AAP | July 2000: New AAP guidelines recommend that children with HIV be treated the same as children with other chronic illnesses. |
| Choice of chemoprophylaxis, stand-by therapy for malaria depends on traveler | January 2000: Despite problems, chemoprophylaxis should still be offered for those traveling to high-transmission areas; consider stand-by therapy for others. |
| Close to 3,000 measles cases reported in Netherlands outbreak | June 2000: This vaccine is not indicated for use in adults or as a substitute for other approved pneumococcal vaccines. |
| Consensus recommendations simplify use of HIV drug-resistance testing | October 2000: While resistance testing may be a useful tool, it should not replace clinical judgement. |
| Dengue surveillance and mosquito control should increase, study says | May 2000: Study finds that imported dengue occurring more than expected; might lead to local transmission. |
| Despite antibiotics, Staphylococcus aureus remains an adaptable organism | July 2000: Over time, Staphylococcus aureushas adapted to both the environment and antibiotics, so it remains virulent. |
| Diagnosis, treatment of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis simplified | September 2000: New guidelines specify when antimicrobials are necessary and which ones are most effective. |
| Drug-drug interactions of antivirals, immunosuppressants and immunizations | January 2000: When assessing the clinical significance of drug-drug interactions it is important to appreciate basic principals underlying these interactions. |
| Dutch pertussis outbreak may have been caused by antigenic changes | October 2000: Pertussis has remained endemic in the Netherlands with epidemic peaks, despite high vaccination coverage. |
| Effective nosocomial infection control can have economic impact | May 2000: Health care institutions should use a local model for infection control rather than relying on published data. |
| Eliminating tuberculosis in the U.S.: Next steps | September 2000: Improved identification of people with LTBI who are entering the United States and are at risk of active disease is essential if the country is to move toward elimination. |
| Expect delays, prepare for shortage with 2000-01 influenza vaccine | July 2000: A low yield of the A/Panama/2000/7/99 high-growth reassortment is one possible cause. |
| FDA approves a new in-office rapid test for syphilis detection | November 2000: The four-minute test will allow patients to know results and start treatment while still at the doctor's office. |
| FDA approves first tablet to combine three medications for HIV | December 2000: Abacavir/3TC/AZT is taken as one pill twice a day, without food restrictions. |
| FDA approves linezolid for gram-positive infections | May 2000: This is the first drug approved in a new class of antibiotics, oxazolidinone. |
| FDA approves lopinavir-ritonavir combination for treatment of HIV | October 2000: The lopinavir-ritonavir combination may be used in patients older than 6 months and should be used with other anti-HIV drugs. |
| FDA approves moxifloxacin for respiratory illness | January 2000: The recommended therapeutic dose for moxifloxacin is 400 mg once daily for five or 10 days. |
| FDA chooses strains for 2000-2001 influenza vaccine | April 2000: An FDA advisory committee agreed with HO in choosing influenza A and B virus strains. |
| FDA committee recommends approval of linezolid | April 2000: The recommended dosing regimen will be 600 mg twice daily, either intravenously or orally. |
| First human case of West Nile virus found on Staten Island | August 2000 |
| First vancomycin-intermediate resistant S. aureus cases in Scotland identified | June 2000: Steroids are effective therapy, and total serum IgE is a good clinical marker and prognosticator of disease. |
| Five-layer dip implicated in shigellosis outbreak | February 2000: At least 186 people in four states have become ill; the manufacturer voluntarily recalled the product. |
| Flu treatment, prevention options increase with new vaccines, drugs | October 2000: Protective efficacy of the cold-adapted, live-attenuated influenza vaccine was 93% overall efficacy, 95% against influenza A/H3N2, 91% influenza B and 98% OM. |
| Gatifloxacin appears safe, efficacious for treatment of CAP | February 2000: All pathogens isolated during the study were susceptible to gatifloxacin, while 19% of pathogens were resistant to clarithromycin. |
| Gatifloxacin approved by FDA for treatment of respiratory infections | February 2000: The incidence of respiratory tract infections in the United States has increased by almost 50% in the past 10 years. |
| Gatifloxacin: Therapeutic review of a new fluoroquinolone | April 2000: Gatifloxacin was four- to 16-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against anaerobes, including Clostridiumand Bacteroides spp. |
| Global polio eradication: 10 countries targeted | April 2000: According to the polio eradication timeline, immunization will discontinue by 2010. |
| Guidelines released for diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia | September 2000: An algorithm is included that guides physicians through a series of steps. |
| HAART appears to prevent progress of CMV retinitis | January 2000: Viral loads also remained low and CD4 counts increased significantly throughout the study. |
| Have a cold? Reach for the Jewish penicillin | November 2000: Finally, laboratory evidence for the mechanism of action of chicken soup. |
| High-risk patients receiving influenza vaccine despite delays | October 2000: The ACIP recently met to review recommendations about the timing and priority of flu vaccination. |
| HIV-HCV coinfection causes higher rates of morbidity and mortality | November 2000: HIV seems to modify the natural history of hepatitis C, while HCV acts as an opportunistic infection in HIV. |
| The HIV-positive health care worker revisited | November 2000: Should health care workers and physicians be required to inform their patients if they are HIV-positive? |
| HIV reservoirs may be able to reappear after IL-2 and HAART therapy is stopped | January 2000: NIAID researchers found that the virus rebounded to substantial levels following cessation of therapy. |
| HIV resistance testing varies among physicians | January 2000: One physician says it is important to realize the benefits and limitations of using resistance information. |
| Helicobacter pylori: Friend or foe? | August 2000: Rates of Helicobacter pylori infection are decreasing, but that may not be good news. |
| IDSA issues guidelines for treating Lyme disease | September 2000: Physicians should be familiar with the clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease. |
| IOM report provides guidance for improving control of tuberculosis | July 2000: More than 40% of new TB cases in the United States result from exposures in high-incidence countries. |
| Independent laboratories prove Wistar's OPV not cause of AIDS | October 2000: Findings show the species of origin used to cultivate OPV was the Asian macaque monkey, which does not naturally harbor HIV. |
| Influenza: New twists for the millennium | August 2000: Updated guidelines for prevention and control of influenza include five major changes. |
| Influenza season got off to an early start; spread rapidly across country | February 2000: Cases have been reported in all 50 states with moderate to high activity in 36. Health officials stress that the vaccine is still the best way to prevent disease. |
| Laboratory testing vital for ehrlichiosis diagnosis | August 2000: While treatment may be started based on clinical signs, confirm the diagnosis through testing. |
| Labs preparing inventories for potentially infectious materials | April 2000: A national laboratory survey and inventory is scheduled to begin January 2001. |
| Last year's West Nile outbreak offers public health lessons | August 2000: Many more people were infected than health officials previously thought. |
| Leishmaniasis recurrence after 43 years may be longest on record | February 2000: Use of topical steroids and localized trauma may have contributed to the recurrence of infection. |
| Likely cause of disease outbreak among injection drug users identified | July 2000: Clostridium novyi is now the focus of the investigation, which began in early May. |
| Limiting the impact of HIV requires a multifaceted approach to treatment | December 2000: Making treatments available more cheaply is not enough. Health care infrastructure must also be improved in the poorest countries. |
| Lyme disease vaccine shown to be safe and antigenic in children | July 2000: The vaccine raised children's antibodies against the organism to higher levels than that seen in adults. |
| Many factors changing `nosocomial' infections | September 2000: Infection control personnel are crucial and must solve many difficult surveillance questions. |
| Men who have sex with men remain barred from donating blood | November 2000: Advisors encourage the FDA to continue examining MSM deferrals to determine when the policy can be changed safely. |
| MMR and autism: What determines truth? | November 2000: Accurate facts, not coincidence, not anecdote, not fear, will help us learn the reasons children have autism. |
| New gram-positive antibiotics in development | November 2000: Some exhibit good activity against enterococci as well as other bacteria, but toxicity could be a problem. |
| New guidelines for latent TB emphasize new treatment regimens | June 2000: Targeted testing emphasized; shorter treatment options and more realistic monitoring options now available. |
| No link between Stachybotrys and pulmonary hemorrhage in infants | April 2000: However, investigators said that some health effects are seen with exposure to mold. |
| `Not me' phenomena seen with genital herpes | July 2000: Between outbreaks, trying to diagnose genital herpes can be tricky. |
| Novel vaccine protects monkeys from Ebola infection | December 2000: This first primate model of immune protection against the virus may help scientists design a human vaccine. |
| Ohio reports cluster of GAS cases | April 2000: Seven patients developed streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and two died. |
| Outcomes for HIV patients improving, but management is more complex | September 2000: DHHS guidelines recommend that all symptomatic patients should receive antiretroviral therapy. |
| Philadelphia firefighters battling HCV infections | January 2000: At least 125 city firefighters are known to have hepatitis C virus infection; four have died. |
| Preventable medical errors found to exist systemwide | December 2000: IOM report indicates new practice requirements for medical professionals could be coming. |
| Progress slow for vaccines against HPV, HIV and other viruses | July 2000: Vaccines against viruses that cause STDs offer a different challenge than existing viral vaccines. |
| Researchers sequence genome of Ureaplasma urealyticum | November 2000: U. urealyticum does not contain certain disease-causing genes known to exist in other bacteria |
| Researchers discover why some with HIV do not develop AIDS | May 2000: Individuals with certain HLA genes may be better at resisting selected infections, such as HIV. |
| Researchers stretching smallpox vaccine supply by diluting doses | May 2000: New research has been funded to study the Dryvax vaccine in the event of a bioterrorism attack. |
| Researchers uncovering why tuberculosis continues to persist | September 2000: Studies in mice suggest a switch in
bacterial metabolism is required for persistence; the switch mechanism may be
interferon- dependent. |
| Risk of varicella zoster increases with decline in CD4 cell count | May 2000: Zoster incidence in homosexual men and hemophiliacs infected with HIV declined 77% during a 14-year study. |
| RSV season a threat to the elderly as well as the very young | January 2000: The winter months bring on the peak time for respiratory syncytial virus. |
| Rubella outbreak hits Hispanic meatpacking plant employees | June 2000: Investigators think the patient's dog brought back fleas that caused her infection. |
| Statistics show substantial decline in neonatal group B streptococcus | May 2000: Prophylactic intrapartum antibiotics prevented approximately 3,900 early-onset infections and 200 neonatal deaths in 1998. |
| Stem cell transplantation for lymphoma can be performed on HIV patients | June 2000: It was previously thought that patients with HIV could not handle the accompanying high-dose chemotherapy. |
| Structured intermittent therapy showing promise in patients with HIV | September 2000: Briefly stopping therapy might be a way of improving patient compliance to antiretroviral regimens. |
| Studies of physician-assisted suicide shed light on poorly understood option | May 2000: One study found palliative care is often a factor in patients' decisions, while another concluded annual numbers are rising. |
| Study shows nevirapine effective in patients with high viral loads | February 2000: When combined with AZT and 3TC, nevirapine suppressed HIV for up to one year and longer in treatment-naive patients |
| Suspected scrapie investigated in Vermont sheep | August 2000: Tissue analysis will confirm if the flock is infected with transmissible spongiform encephalopathy. |
| Switching from intravenous to oral formulation: cost-effective in CAP | February 2000: Sequential therapy seems to be safer and to allow earlier discharge. |
| T cell's internal housekeeping appears to play role in HIV infection | December 2000: The ubiquitin-proteasome system helps HIV spread from one cell to another. |
| TMP-SMX prophylaxis in HIV patients leading to more resistance | February 2000: Usefulness must be balanced against risks; implications to greater population still unknown. |
| Tensions between surgeons, infectious disease specialists | June 2000: Available options are often less than optimal; effective treatment is needed. |
| Therapeutic approaches to HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma | June 2000: Eliminating inappropriate use of vancomycin and strict adherence to infection control practices are essential. |
| The top ten Infectious Disease News articles in 2000 | December 2000: A recapitulation and update of the top ten stories of the year upholds a tradition for Infectious Disease News. |
| Treatment guidelines for antibiotic use in bacterial sinusitis | November 2000: Because of its commonality and the increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, the appropriate use of antibiotics in treating sinusitis has recently been addressed. |
| Treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma dependent on pathogenesis | April 2000: HHV-8 is an important potential target for Kaposi's sarcoma treatment and prevention. |
| Treatment with combination protease inhibitors shows promise | April 2000: Dual PI regimens that combine ritonavir with saquinavir, indinavir or nelfinavir are showing success. |
| Two bipartisan bills introduced to improve public health here, abroad | August 2000: We need the systems and resources to meet the challenges of new and emerging global health threats. |
| Using nontraditional immunization settings may help raise adult rates | May 2000 |
| Update on drug interactions: protease inhibitors | October 2000: Providers who prescribe protease inhibitors must be aware of the interactions with other drugs to prevent potential complications. |
| Viral hepatitis and HIV/STDs: Incorporating prevention programs | June 2000: Integrating prevention and counseling services reaches high-risk populations more efficiently. |
| VRE contact precautions: Is the juice worth the squeeze? | May 2000: VRE control efforts should be focused on high risk units, and standard precautions should be followed for VRE colonized/infected patients in the rest of the hospital. |
| West Nile virus finds a home in the Northeast | October 2000: Fourteen people have been hospitalized for West Nile infections this year, and an 82-year-old man has died. |
| West Nile virus found in mosquitoes during winter testing in New York | April 2000: The results are not detailed enough to conclude whether the virus will have the same impact as last season. |
| What are appropriate responses to a bioterrorism threat? | December 2000: Rapid laboratory analyses would help alleviate some of the adverse psychological effects on victims. |
| When prescribing interferon, closely monitor depression | November 2000: Depression and social impairment may result from interferon treatment. Patients may become suicidal. |
| Without an inexpensive vaccine, AIDS will continue to spread | August 2000: The infection is killing the able-bodied workforce in fledgling democracies, leaving millions of children orphaned. |
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